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Official Irish Republican Army
The Official Irish Republican Army or Official IRA (OIRA) was an Irish republican paramilitary group whose goal was to remove Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom and create a "workers' republic" encompassing all of Ireland.〔Statement from Cathal Goulding, C/S of the Official IRA, in early 1972, quoted in ''On Our Knees'' by Rosita Sweetman, Pan Books, London. 1972. ISBN 0-330-23320-3. p. 146〕 It emerged in December 1969, shortly after the beginning of the Troubles, when the Irish Republican Army split into two factions. The other was the Provisional IRA. Each continued to call itself simply "the IRA" and rejected the other's legitimacy. Unlike the "Provisionals", the "Officials" were Marxist and worked to form a united front with other Irish communist groups, named the Irish National Liberation Front (NLF).〔Coogan, Tim Pat. ''The Troubles: Ireland's Ordeal and the Search for Peace''. Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. p.113〕 The Officials were called the NLF by the Provisionals〔Taylor, Peter. ''Behind the Mask: The IRA and Sinn Fein''. TV Books, 1999. p.84〕〔O'Ballance, Edgar. ''Terror in Ireland: The Heritage of Hate''. Presidio Press, 1981. p.133〕 and were sometimes nicknamed the "Red IRA" by others.〔Rekawek, Kacper. ''Irish Republican Terrorism and Politics: A Comparative Study of the Official and the Provisional IRA''. Taylor & Francis, 2011. pp.1-2〕〔("Obituaries: Seamus Twomey, 70, a Leader of Provisional I.R.A." ). Reuters. ''The New York Times'', 14 September 1989.〕〔"IRA itself is divided on stretegy, ideology". ''The Toledo Blade'', 11 November 1971.〕
It waged a limited campaign against the British Army, mainly involving shooting and bombing attacks on troops in urban working-class neighbourhoods. Most notably, it was involved in the 1970 Falls Curfew and carried out the 1972 Aldershot bombing. In May 1972 it declared a ceasefire and vowed to limit its actions to defence and retaliation. By this time, the Provisional IRA had become the larger and more active faction. Following the ceasefire, the OIRA began to be referred to as "Group B" within the Official movement.〔Sanders, Andrew. ''Inside the IRA: Dissident Republicans and the War for Legitimacy''. Edinburgh University Press, 2011. p.191〕〔Brian Hanley & Scott Millar. ''The Lost Revolution: The Story of the Official IRA and the Workers' Party''. Penguin UK, 2009. Chapter 12: Group B.〕 It became involved in feuds with the Provisional IRA and the Irish National Liberation Army (INLA), an OIRA splinter group formed in 1974. It has also been involved in organized crime and vigilantism.
The Official IRA was linked to the political party "Official Sinn Féin", later renamed "Sinn Féin the Workers Party" and then the Workers' Party of Ireland.
== The split in the Republican movement, 1969–1970 ==
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